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Ecology & Population Calculator

Mark–recapture population estimates (Lincoln–Petersen and Chapman, with 95% CI), quadrat density and frequency, and exponential vs logistic growth with a live chart. The same math as the Excel workbook, live in your browser.

What this is for: Mark–recapture population estimates (Lincoln–Petersen and Chapman), quadrat density with confidence intervals, and exponential vs logistic growth projections.

The formula: N = (M × C) ÷ R; logistic N(t) = K ÷ (1 + ((K − N0)/N0) × e^(−rt))

How to use:

  1. In Mark–Recapture, enter M, C and R, and report the Chapman N with its standard error and 95% confidence interval.
  2. In Quadrat Sampling, enter one row per quadrat — individuals of the target species, species richness — and the quadrat size in m².
  3. Read total individuals, mean density per quadrat and per m², the standard error, frequency and mean richness.
  4. In Population Growth, enter N0, r and K, then enter a year to read off.
  5. Compare the exponential and logistic N at that year and in the growth table and chart.

Mark–Recapture Population Estimate (Lincoln–Petersen & Chapman)

Mark and release M animals; later catch C animals of which R carry the mark. Chapman is the bias-corrected version to report, with its standard error and 95% CI.

Lincoln–Petersen N = M × C / R
CHAPMAN N (report this)
Variance (Chapman)
Standard error
95% CI — lower
95% CI — upper
Marked share of second catch (R/C)

Quadrat Sampling — Density, Frequency & Richness

One row per quadrat: individuals of your target species and the total species richness of that quadrat.

m²
Total individuals counted
Mean density (individuals per quadrat)
Mean density (individuals per m²)
Standard error of the mean (per quadrat)
Frequency (share of quadrats with species present)
Mean species richness per quadrat

Population Growth — Exponential vs Logistic

N grows from N0 with intrinsic rate r; the logistic curve bends toward carrying capacity K. The read-off box evaluates both models at any year you choose.

/year
Doubling time (years)
N exponential at that year
N logistic at that year
Prefer to work offline or keep a copy? The download link is right below.
Download the Ecology & Population Calculator workbook (.xlsx)
Notes & limits (from the workbook): Mark–recapture assumes a closed population (no births/deaths/migration between samples), marks not lost, and marked animals mixing fully and as catchable as unmarked. With R below ~10 the CI is very wide. Quadrat density per m² assumes every quadrat is the stated size, and the SE needs 10+ quadrats placed randomly or on a fixed grid. The logistic model assumes r and K are constant — real populations overshoot, cycle, or shift K with the environment.